{"id":479,"date":"2025-11-07T12:02:11","date_gmt":"2025-11-07T04:02:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/?p=479"},"modified":"2025-11-07T12:02:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T04:02:11","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8ubuntu-20-04%e4%b8%ad%e6%9c%89%e6%95%88%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%a4%a7%e5%b0%8f%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/479.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Ubuntu 20.04\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><h2>Ubuntu 20.04 \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/LfNrbA.jpg\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Ubuntu 20.04\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\" title=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Ubuntu 20.04\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\"><\/p>\n<p><h3>\u6280\u672f\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Ubuntu 20.04\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u9650\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Ubuntu 20.04\u4e2d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u4f7f\u7528logrotate\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4efb\u52a1\u76ee\u6807<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>1. \u4e86\u89e3Ubuntu 20.04\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. \u638c\u63e1\u4f7f\u7528logrotate\u6765\u9650\u5236\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4. \u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<p><h2>1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p>Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\/var\/log\/syslog &#8211; \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/var\/log\/auth.log &#8211; \u8ba4\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/var\/log\/kern.log &#8211; \u5185\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u6838\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/var\/log\/dmesg &#8211; \u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p><h2>2. Logrotate \u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p>logrotate\u662fUbuntu\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8f6e\u8f6c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u65f6\u95f4\u5468\u671f\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6e\u8f6c\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u5220\u9664\u65e7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><h3>2.1 \u5b89\u88c5 logrotate<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>Ubuntu 20.04\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5logrotate\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u786e\u8ba4\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>sudo apt update<\/p>\r\n<p>sudo apt install logrotate<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>2.2 \u914d\u7f6e logrotate<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>logrotate\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e`\/etc\/logrotate.conf`\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e`\/etc\/logrotate.d\/`\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.2.1 \u7f16\u8f91\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u6253\u5f00\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>sudo nano \/etc\/logrotate.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code># rotate log files weekly<\/p>\r\n<p>weekly<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p># keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs<\/p>\r\n<p>rotate 4<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p># create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones<\/p>\r\n<p>create<\/p>\r\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>: \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u6309\u5929\u8f6e\u8f6c\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06`weekly`\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a`daily`\u3002<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.2.2 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5728`\/etc\/logrotate.conf`\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a50MB\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9879\u6dfb\u52a0\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>size 50M<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.2.3 \u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u9650\u5236`\/var\/log\/syslog`\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728`\/etc\/logrotate.d\/rsyslog`\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>\/var\/log\/syslog {<\/p>\r\n<p>    daily<\/p>\r\n<p>    rotate 7<\/p>\r\n<p>    size 50M<\/p>\r\n<p>    compress<\/p>\r\n<p>    delaycompress<\/p>\r\n<p>    missingok<\/p>\r\n<p>    notifempty<\/p>\r\n<p>    create 0640 syslog adm<\/p>\r\n<p>}<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>3. \u6d4b\u8bd5 logrotate \u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5logrotate\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>sudo logrotate -d \/etc\/logrotate.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0`-d`\u9009\u9879\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\u8f93\u51fa\u786e\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>sudo logrotate -f \/etc\/logrotate.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>4. \u67e5\u770b\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8282\u7701\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`du`\u548c`ls`\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.1 \u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b`\/var\/log`\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5404\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>du -sh \/var\/log\/*<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.2 \u6e05\u7406\u7279\u5b9a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8fc7\u5927\u4e14\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>sudo truncate -s 0 \/var\/log\/syslog<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>5. \u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u6574logrotate\u914d\u7f6e\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u592a\u591a\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528<code>journalctl<\/code>\u67e5\u770bsystemd\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528systemd\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u907f\u514d<\/strong>\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u9020\u6210\u610f\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u4f8b\u5982ELK Stack\uff09\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u672c\u5730\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>6. \u9644\u5f55: logrotate\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>daily<\/code> &#8211; \u6309\u5929\u8f6e\u8f6c\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>weekly<\/code> &#8211; \u6309\u5468\u8f6e\u8f6c\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>monthly<\/code> &#8211; \u6309\u6708\u8f6e\u8f6c\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>rotate <num><\/code> &#8211; \u4fdd\u7559<code>num<\/code>\u4e2a\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>size <size><\/code> &#8211; \u5f53\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fbe\u5230<code>size<\/code>\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6e\u8f6c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>compress<\/code> &#8211; \u8f6e\u8f6c\u540e\u538b\u7f29\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>delaycompress<\/code> &#8211; \u5ef6\u8fdf\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6e\u8f6c\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>missingok<\/code> &#8211; \u5982\u679c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u4e0d\u62a5\u544a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>notifempty<\/code> &#8211; \u5982\u679c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6e\u8f6c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>create <mode> <owner> <group><\/code> &#8211; \u8f6e\u8f6c\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ubuntu 20.04 \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236 \u6280\u672f\u7b80\u4ecb \u5728Ubuntu 20.04\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u9650\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":480,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8,194,261],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-479","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jiushu","tag-ubuntu","tag-194","tag-261"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/479","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=479"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/479\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":482,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/479\/revisions\/482"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=479"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=479"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.idcyz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=479"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}